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- WORLD, Page 43Noriega's Goon Squad
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- Members of the gang that carried out the bloody attack on
- Panama's opposition leaders last week did not try to hide their
- identities. In fact, they wore T-shirts advertising themselves as
- members of Batallon Dignidad, or the Dignity Battalion. It is one
- of at least 20 paramilitary squads, with a total membership
- estimated at 7,000 to 10,000, that were founded last year
- ostensibly to help block a Yanqui invasion that Manuel Antonio
- Noriega insisted was imminent. According to Bush Administration
- officials, the squads were created with help from a small group of
- Cuban advisers in Panama and modeled on similar militias formed by
- Fidel Castro shortly after the Cuban revolution. In addition to
- Dignity, there are the Christopher Columbus Battalion, the St.
- Michael the Archangel Battalion and the Latin Liberation Battalion.
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- Battalion members receive military training from Panama Defense
- Force instructors, including practice in shooting and hand-to-hand
- combat. Authorities claim that recruits, who are promised a gun and
- modest stipend, come mainly from lower middle-class and rural
- backgrounds. But government critics contend that the squads include
- convicted criminals released early from jail in exchange for
- signing up. Members of the Panama Defense Force also reportedly
- belong; opposition politicians say they have photographs of one man
- changing from his army fatigues into a Dignity shirt. And diplomats
- in Panama City insist they have proof that the Battalion member who
- clubbed vice-presidential candidate Guillermo Ford last week is a
- sergeant in the PDF.